Understanding ARP Networking and Its Role in Network Communication

LPWAN Test

An HTTP proxy is an intermediary server that sits between a client (e.g., a user's browser) and a server (e.g., a web server). The proxy server acts as a gateway for requests from clients to the server and responses from the server to the client.

• Function: It forwards HTTP requests from a client to the destination server and returns the response to the client.
• It can perform actions like security filtering, logging, content modification, anonymity, or load balancing.
• In some cases, a proxy can cache content to improve performance (this is where caching comes into play).
• Types of HTTP Proxies:
• Forward Proxy: The client knows about the proxy and sends all requests to it (often used for accessing restricted content, anonymity, or content filtering).
• Reverse Proxy: The proxy sits in front of the server, and clients are unaware of its existence. It handles incoming requests on behalf of the server, providing benefits like load balancing or SSL termination.

An HTTP proxy is an intermediary server that sits between a client (e.g., a user's browser) and a server (e.g., a web server). The proxy server acts as a gateway for requests from clients to the server and responses from the server to the client.

• Function: It forwards HTTP requests from a client to the destination server and returns the response to the client.
• It can perform actions like security filtering, logging, content modification, anonymity, or load balancing.
• In some cases, a proxy can cache content to improve performance (this is where caching comes into play).
Types of HTTP Proxies:
• Forward Proxy: The client knows about the proxy and sends all requests to it (often used for accessing restricted content, anonymity, or content filtering).
• Reverse Proxy: The proxy sits in front of the server, and clients are unaware of its existence. It handles incoming requests on behalf of the server, providing benefits like load balancing or SSL termination.

HTTP Protocol or HyperText Transfer Protocol, is used for transferring web pages and resources between clients and servers. It operates on port 80 (HTTP) or 443 (HTTPS) and is stateless, meaning each request is independent. Used by web browsers to load websites.

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is used for sending and relaying emails between servers. It operates on port 25 (default) and is session-based. SMTP is primarily used by email clients like Gmail or Outlook to send messages.

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is used for transferring files between clients and servers. It operates on port 21 for control and dynamic ports for data transfer. FTP allows users to upload/download files and is commonly used for managing files on remote servers.

• Key Differences:
• Purpose: HTTP for web pages, SMTP for email, FTP for file transfer.
• Port: HTTP (80), SMTP (25), FTP (21).
• Security: HTTP is insecure, SMTP can be insecure, FTP is insecure by default (unless FTPS/SFTP is used).

Factory Bootstrapping:

The device is pre-configured during manufacturing with server credentials, security keys, and initial settings.

No dynamic setup is required after deployment. Suitable for devices with stable configurations or environments.

Client-Initiated Bootstrapping:

The client contacts the bootstrap server after powering on or during a reset.

Commonly used in resource-constrained devices where the client depends on the server for its configuration.

Server-Initiated Bootstrapping:

The bootstrap server initiates communication with the client and sends the configuration.

Useful for remote updates or recovering devices that have lost their configuration.